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Summoning the Next Interface: Agentive Tools & SAUNa Technology

http://www.cooper.com/journal/2013/05/summoning-the-next-interface-agentive-tools-sauna-technology.html

Part 1: Toward a New UX

If we consider the evolution of technology—from thigh-bones-as-clubs to the coming singularity (when artificial intelligence leaves us biological things behind)—there are four supercategories of tools that influence the nature of what’s to come:

1. Manual tools are things like rocks, plows, and hammers; well-formed masses of atoms that shape the forces we apply to them. Manual tools were the earliest tools.
2. Powered tools are systems—like windmills and electrical machines—that set things in motion and let us manipulate the forces present in the system. Powered tools came after manual tools, and took a quantum leap with the age of electricity. They kept becoming more and more complex until World War II, when the most advanced technology of the time, military aircraft, were so complex that even well trained people couldn’t manage them, and the entire field of interaction design was invented in response, as “human factors engineering.”
3. Assistive tools do some of the low-level information work for us—like spell check in word processing software and proximity alerts in cars—harnessing algorithms, ubiquitous sensor networks, smart defaults, and machine learning. These tools came about decades after the silicon revolution.
4. The fourth category is the emerging category, the new thing that bears some consideration and preparation. I have been thinking and presenting about this last category across the world:
   Agentive tools, which do more and more stuff on their own accord, like learning about their users, and are approaching the artificial intelligence that will ultimately, if you believe Vernor Vinge, eventually begin evolving beyond our ken.

Where We Are vs. Where We Think We Are

For the most part, our clients at Cooper approach us to make powered tools for their users, like the video tools for (now-gone) Flip video. That’s fine. There’s a great deal of history and best practices established to help us knock these problems out of the park. We’re good at this.

Over the course of these projects we often identify and suggest cutting-edge opportunities that are farther along the arc, that would have them building assistive tools to help their users, but if I had to guess, I’d say only one out of five organizations are well-positioned enough to move on these ideas. I suspect that over time, the number of clients moving on assistive tools will increase. So if that’s where we are, with most clients asking for powered tools and most interaction designers providing designs for assistive tools, we’re both still a bit behind.

Based on the advancements, patents, popular familiarity, and marketization of a host of particular technologies (that you’ll see listed below), we are farther along that arc, able to create designs that are genuinely agentive tools. That has some implications to discuss, but first, let’s clarify the categories of technology that are enabling this sea change.

As a group I call these agentive-enabling technologies SAUNa tech. The acronym means nothing, really. There’s no generative richness here to a literal sauna, but it’s a useful acronym to encompass the four types of technologies involved: Social systems, Agentive algorithms, and Ubiquitous technologies accessed via Natural User Interactions.

Social Systems

“Social” has come to mean “social networks” but my use of the term covers more than just Facebook and Twitter. The paradigm of one user using one machine to perform one task is becoming the exception, with multiple users working across multiple systems accomplishing shared goals being more common (and more problematic to design for). For example, this article itself was originally written in Google Docs with permissions granted for an author and a number of editors, who have worked on it from laptops in airports and coffee shops, on phones and public transport, and desktop computers at Cooper.

We also must deal with the fact that when combined with agentive algorithms, social systems can now access Big Social Data. Systems looking to learn have humanity and history as their dataset. Doctors using agentive tech won’t just know what happened to their own patients, they’ll know what happened to all patients at all times in recorded history (to varying levels of detail) and adjust diagnoses and treatments accordingly.

Agentive Algorithms

Perhaps the most cutting edge of these are the agentive technologies, those that feel like low-level artificial intelligence. These technologies are aware of us—our identities, our intentions, and possibly even our emotional states. They adhere to Gricean maxims for interaction, and perform low-level machine learning about us as they help us achieve our goals. (Be sure to note the difference between these agentive algorithms and the category of technology that is named for them.)

Ubiquitous Technology

The technological skin that humans wear is getting thicker and more interconnected all the time. Technology is already in our skies, in space, in hospitals, on the battlefield, and under the sea. As information workers in the Western world, technology is under our fingers most of the day: on our desktops, in our hands, in our cars, with us at the gym, carried with us to the bathroom, and pulled to our faces first thing when we wake up in the morning. It’s on the streets of our cities and inside the shops we patronize. Our users are constantly moving across these everpresent technological touchpoints, and experiences have to shift to take advantage of them seamlessly.

Natural User Interactions

Personally, I hate the term, “natural” UI. Given the old saw, “The only intuitive interface is the nipple. Everything else is learned,” “natural” is an overblown promise especially for a set of technologies that are often DOS-like in their absent affordances. But no better label has taken hold that describes the set of technologies that engage more of our bodies and capabilities than WIMP paradigms, so we’re going forward with the term, with objections noted. Though it’s evolving and adapting, my working list of those technologies at the time of writing follows.

• Haptic technology: Outputting information to our skin.
• Gesture recognition: The ability to communicate with computers with our bodies and especially our arms and fingers.
• Tangible and touch tech: The ability to directly indicate selections and manipulate objects in ways that computers can understand.
• Voice recognition and generation: The ability to speak to a computer as we would speak to another person.
• Ocular control or gaze monitoring: The ability to point with our eyes.
• Cerebral (brain) interfaces: Using thoughts or brain waves to communicate to computers.
• Near field communications: Letting us place objects in proximity to initiate data transfer and indicate selections or focus.
• OLED and eInk displays: Visualizations of the abstractions around us, everywhere.
• Heads-up displays: The personalized augmentation of the world around us

SAUNa technologies are each powerful enough on their own, but once they’re combined into holistic platforms, we’ll be deep into assistive territory and have an outstretched foot into the agentive zone. These things are coming, and I believe coming sooner rather than later.

In the next post I’ll touch on the implications that the full-scale adoption of SAUNa tech has for interaction design.

Summoning the Next Interface Agentive Tools & SAUNa Technology Cooper Journal.mht

Asphalt 8: Airborne - Teaser trailer

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jQuery 및 전자정부 표준 프레임워크가 업데이트 되었습니다.

jQuery 1.10.1 and 2.0.2 released
- http://cafe.naver.com/buldon/6930

jQuery 2.0 릴리즈에 대해
- http://cafe.naver.com/buldon/6737

전자정부 표즌 프레임워크 2.6 출시
- http://cafe.naver.com/buldon/6929

"프로그래머가 되고 싶은데 수학을 못해요"라는 질문에 대한 답...

제가 수학성적을 60점에서 100점으로 올린방법은 아래 링크에 있습니다.
http://kblog.popekim.com/2012/05/60-1...

25 New Script Libraries and Plugins on GitHub

http://mashable.com/2013/06/09/github-script-libraries/?utm_campaign=Feed%3A+Mashable+%28Mashable%29&utm_cid=Mash-Product-RSS-Pheedo-All-Partial&utm_medium=feed&utm_source=feedburner

1. Unveil.js

Unveil.js is a lightweight version of LazyLoad, with support for serving high-resolution images to devices with Retina display. The LazyLoad plugin has some neat options, such as custom effects, but if you don't use any of those you can reduce the file size considerably, leaving just the essential code. This is exactly what Unveil.js is.

2 Chardin.js

Chardin.js (named after the French painter Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin) lets you add simple overlay instructions on existing elements, on any of your apps, using JavaScript. It was inspired by the recent Gmail new composer tour, and is a simple solution that works well and looks incredible.

3. Superhero.js

Superhero.js isn't strictly a JavaScript library itself, but rather, a library of articles on how to create, test and maintain a large JavaScript code base. This is a continuously updated collection of the best articles, videos and presentations on the topic, which helps explain the syntax of JavaScript, how to organize projects, how to test your code and what's on the horizon.

4. Snap.js

Snap.jsis a library for creating beautiful mobile shelfs in JavaScript, which appear when clicking a button or dragging the entire view. It uses CSS3-powered animations with IE fallbacks, and features flick support, event hooks, drag support and an event-based API, so it's simple to hook into existing interfaces.

5. Least.js

Least.js creates beautiful, random and responsive HTML5 and CSS3 image galleries using LazyLoad. Installation is simple and straightforward; just download the script and insert the appropriate code before the </head> and after the <body> tags.

6. Verlet.js

Verlet.js is a simple Verlet physics engine written in JavaScript, with particles, distance constraints and angular constraints, all supported. It's based off an iterative technique called Verlet Integration, which simplifies force and motion calculations. With it, you can easily model intricate objects and dynamic behaviors.

7. Bespoke.js

Bespoke.js is a DIY micro-presentation framework that makes it simple to create animated deck-style slideshows. It's less than 1kb minified and gzipped, with no dependencies, and uses keyboard and touch events to add classes to your slides, while you provide the CSS transitions. There are five basic themes, and both production and development versions are available to download.

8. Lazy.js

Lazy.js is a utility library for JavaScript, similar to Underscore and Lo-Dash, but it uses "lazy evaluation," which can translate to superior performance in many cases, especially when dealing with large arrays and "chaining" multiple methods. With no external dependencies, you can get started straight away.

9. Chart.js

Chart.js is an object-oriented graphing system for designers and developers that uses JavaScript and HTML5 Canvas to create six different types of charts. Each chart can be animated and fully customized, with support on Retina displays and all modern browsers, and with polyfills to provide support for IE7/8. It's dependency free, lightweight (only 4.5kb when minified and gzipped) and offers a wealth of customization options.

10 . Pixi.js

Pixl.js is a super fast HTML5 2D rendering engine that uses webGL with canvas fallback, to provide a fast, lightweight library that works across all devices. The Pixi renderer allows everyone to enjoy the power of hardware acceleration without prior knowledge of webGL. It features a super easy-to-use API, asset loaders, full mouse and multi-touch interaction, support for texture atlases and much more.

11 . SocialFeed.js

With SocialFeed.js, you can create a feed with your latest interactions on different social media, designed to be both modular and plugable. By default, no social site is added; each has be explicitly added, and is implemented as its own module. It's extremely customizable with an API, which exposes several functions and events.

12 . Intro.js

Intro.js provides a better way to create a new feature introduction and step-by-step user guide for your website and project. It's simple to set up: Just include the JavaScript and CSS files and "add data-step" and "data-intro" to your code. It's lightweight (only 2.5kb gzipped) and includes keyboard and mouse navigation, with cross-browser compatibility on all modern browsers, from IE8 and up.

13. Datamock.js

Datamock.js lets you easily add fake data to your mockups, with straightforward usage and a handy demo to see it work in action. Use data attributes to bind mocked data; it includes other value types, such as emails and names. With a bookmarklet task included in the build script, you can quickly generate a page with test sample data.

14. Imageloader.js

Imageloader.js is a jQuery plugin for pre-loading images, with simple implementation. However, it has minimal customization options outside the array of image URLs to load. The demo shows off its functionality.

15. SimplePagination.js

SimplePagination.js is a simple jQuery pagination plugin that includes three CSS themes and features Bootstrap support. It has options for configuring the page links, next and previous text, one-click events, style attributes and more. There is also an API for selecting pages, and support for Bootstrap was recently added.

16. Sco.js

A collection of jQuery plugins for the web, inspired by the Twitter Bootstrap components, Sco.js plugins can replace the Bootstrap equivalents. Several plugins are unique, and in cases where Sco.js replaces Bootstrap plugins, the underlying markup has been simplified and the reliance on IDs reduced.

17. StreamTable.js

StreamTable.js streams data for tables in the background, and updates and renders them using templating frameworks like Mustache.js and HandleBars.js. It provides fast rendering of the pages or tables, without the "loading data" delays, and with fast client-side filtering. It can also manage various JSON data formats.

18. fpsmeter.js

Fpsmeter.js is a simple JavaScript library to display the frames-per-second of an animation. It can measure the number of milliseconds between frames and the number of milliseconds it takes to render one frame. It supports theming, so it can be customized to suit new and existing interfaces, and can cope with multiple instances on a page.

19. Behave.js

Behave.js is a lightweight library for adding IDE style behaviors to plain text areas, making it much more enjoyable to write code in. It supports all modern browsers, with partial support for IE6/7. It has no dependencies and allows for custom code and behavior fencing, multi-line indentation and un-indentation.

20. Chartkick.js

Chartkick.js helps you create beautiful Javascript charts with minimal code. It supports Google Charts and Highcharts, and works with most browsers (including IE6). It works with Ruby, using the "chartkick" gem. Use it to create line charts, pie charts, column charts and multiple series.

21. Gif.js

Gif.js is a JavaScript GIF encoder that runs in your browser. It uses typed arrays and web workers to render each frame in the background. It works in browsers supporting Web Workers, File API and Type Arrays by generating the GIF images in the background, using Web Workers.

22. ColtJS

ColtJS is a simple framework that allows for easy deployment of a JavaScript Application using asynchronous module definition. Its only dependency is RequireJS, and it builds off simple principles of a centralized router, loading modules only when requested to produce an efficient, easy-to-manage application structure. You can use the ColtJS boilerplate for a quick start and view the documentation on the ColtJS website.

23. Anima.js

Anima.js makes it easy to animate over a hundred objects at a time, and each item has its mass and viscosity to emulate reallife objects. It helps improve upon some of the limitations of CSS animations, such as calculating percents for keyframes, giving you greater control over the flow of animations, along with the ability to use delays and durations normally.

24. Navi.js

Navi makes it easy to dynamically display content on your sites. Instead of cluttering up your site tree with extra files, you can easily write all your HTML code for multiple pages in one file. It uses the current hash to change content, leaving your visitor's back button functional, with built-in support for Ajax, Google Analytics, breadcrumbs, page titles, along with easy HTML and JavaScript markup.

25. Fartscroll.js

Would any recent GitHub script roundup be complete without Fartscroll.js? Created by The Onion, it can install on any webpage to produce gassy noises as you scroll up and down the browser window. Try the Google Chrome extension for a more immersive experience.