| .class |
.intro |
Selects all elements with class="intro" |
| .class1.class2 |
.name1.name2 |
Selects all elements with both name1 and name2 set within its class attribute |
| .class1 .class2 |
.name1 .name2 |
Selects all elements with name2 that is a descendant of an element with name1 |
| #id |
#firstname |
Selects the element with id="firstname" |
| * |
* |
Selects all elements |
| element |
p |
Selects all <p> elements |
| element.class |
p.intro |
Selects all <p> elements with class="intro" |
| element,element |
div, p |
Selects all <div> elements and all <p> elements |
| element element |
div p |
Selects all <p> elements inside <div> elements |
| element>element |
div > p |
Selects all <p> elements where the parent is a <div> element |
| element+element |
div + p |
Selects all <p> elements that are placed immediately after <div> elements |
| element1~element2 |
p ~ ul |
Selects every <ul> element that are preceded by a <p> element |
| [attribute] |
[target] |
Selects all elements with a target attribute |
| [attribute=value] |
[target=_blank] |
Selects all elements with target="_blank" |
| [attribute~=value] |
[title~=flower] |
Selects all elements with a title attribute containing the word "flower" |
| [attribute|=value] |
[lang|=en] |
Selects all elements with a lang attribute value starting with "en" |
| [attribute^=value] |
a[href^="https"] |
Selects every <a> element whose href attribute value begins with "https" |
| [attribute$=value] |
a[href$=".pdf"] |
Selects every <a> element whose href attribute value ends with ".pdf" |
| [attribute*=value] |
a[href*="w3schools"] |
Selects every <a> element whose href attribute value contains the substring "w3schools" |
| :active |
a:active |
Selects the active link |
| ::after |
p::after |
Insert something after the content of each <p> element |
| ::before |
p::before |
Insert something before the content of each <p> element |
| :checked |
input:checked |
Selects every checked <input> element |
| :default |
input:default |
Selects the default <input> element |
| :disabled |
input:disabled |
Selects every disabled <input> element |
| :empty |
p:empty |
Selects every <p> element that has no children (including text nodes) |
| :enabled |
input:enabled |
Selects every enabled <input> element |
| :first-child |
p:first-child |
Selects every <p> element that is the first child of its parent |
| ::first-letter |
p::first-letter |
Selects the first letter of every <p> element |
| ::first-line |
p::first-line |
Selects the first line of every <p> element |
| :first-of-type |
p:first-of-type |
Selects every <p> element that is the first <p> element of its parent |
| :focus |
input:focus |
Selects the input element which has focus |
| :hover |
a:hover |
Selects links on mouse over |
| :in-range |
input:in-range |
Selects input elements with a value within a specified range |
| :indeterminate |
input:indeterminate |
Selects input elements that are in an indeterminate state |
| :invalid |
input:invalid |
Selects all input elements with an invalid value |
| :lang(language) |
p:lang(it) |
Selects every <p> element with a lang attribute equal to "it" (Italian) |
| :last-child |
p:last-child |
Selects every <p> element that is the last child of its parent |
| :last-of-type |
p:last-of-type |
Selects every <p> element that is the last <p> element of its parent |
| :link |
a:link |
Selects all unvisited links |
| :not(selector) |
:not(p) |
Selects every element that is not a <p> element |
| :nth-child(n) |
p:nth-child(2) |
Selects every <p> element that is the second child of its parent |
| :nth-last-child(n) |
p:nth-last-child(2) |
Selects every <p> element that is the second child of its parent, counting from the last child |
| :nth-last-of-type(n) |
p:nth-last-of-type(2) |
Selects every <p> element that is the second <p> element of its parent, counting from the last child |
| :nth-of-type(n) |
p:nth-of-type(2) |
Selects every <p> element that is the second <p> element of its parent |
| :only-of-type |
p:only-of-type |
Selects every <p> element that is the only <p> element of its parent |
| :only-child |
p:only-child |
Selects every <p> element that is the only child of its parent |
| :optional |
input:optional |
Selects input elements with no "required" attribute |
| :out-of-range |
input:out-of-range |
Selects input elements with a value outside a specified range |
| ::placeholder |
input::placeholder |
Selects input elements with the "placeholder" attribute specified |
| :read-only |
input:read-only |
Selects input elements with the "readonly" attribute specified |
| :read-write |
input:read-write |
Selects input elements with the "readonly" attribute NOT specified |
| :required |
input:required |
Selects input elements with the "required" attribute specified |
| :root |
:root |
Selects the document's root element |
| ::selection |
::selection |
Selects the portion of an element that is selected by a user |
| :target |
#news:target |
Selects the current active #news element (clicked on a URL containing that anchor name) |
| :valid |
input:valid |
Selects all input elements with a valid value |
| :visited |
a:visited |
Selects all visited links |
