[python] Working With Dictionaries
1. Creating a Dictionary
To forge a new dictionary:
# A tome of elements and their symbols
elements = {'Hydrogen': 'H', 'Helium': 'He', 'Lithium': 'Li'}
2. Adding or Updating Entries
To add a new entry or update an existing one:
elements['Carbon'] = 'C' # Adds 'Carbon' or updates its value to 'C'
3. Removing an Entry
To banish an entry from the dictionary:
del elements['Lithium'] # Removes the key 'Lithium' and its value
4. Checking for Key Existence
To check if a key resides within the dictionary:
if 'Helium' in elements:
print('Helium is present')
5. Iterating Over Keys
To iterate over the keys in the dictionary:
for element in elements:
print(element) # Prints each key
6. Iterating Over Values
To traverse through the values in the dictionary:
for symbol in elements.values():
print(symbol) # Prints each value
7. Iterating Over Items
To journey through both keys and values together:
for element, symbol in elements.items():
print(f'{element}: {symbol}')
8. Dictionary Comprehension
To conjure a new dictionary through an incantation over an iterable:
# Squares of numbers from 0 to 4
squares = {x: x**2 for x in range(5)}
9. Merging Dictionaries
To merge two or more dictionaries, forming a new alliance of their entries:
alchemists = {'Paracelsus': 'Mercury'}
philosophers = {'Plato': 'Aether'}
merged = {**alchemists, **philosophers} # Python 3.5+
10. Getting a Value with Default
To retrieve a value safely, providing a default for absent keys:
element = elements.get('Neon', 'Unknown') # Returns 'Unknown' if 'Neon' is not found
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